The Polish-Turkish war of 1620–1621: Myths and istorical reality

The subject of the investigation is created by historiography, prospects Polish-Turkish war in its diversity existing concepts; major event it turns out to be Battle Khotyn. topic article study myths, generated worldviews authors, traditional heredity theoretic-methodological principles knowledge historical process, which used their own sympathies and antipathies, dominant ideology society, distorted reality causes course. aim research is, on basis analysis sources scientific achievements scientists, determine main myths War, content each argument unreliability. methodological are first historism, objectivity, systematicity; theoretical findings neo-positivism, school «The Annals» «new political history». Problematic-chronological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic methods, as well methods rational reconstruction text historical-cultural attribution used. Results. It established mythologization «triumph Polish weapons» near Khotyn that began with sacralization this breve Pope Gregory XV 1621 1623. 10th October (the next after conclusion Treaty Khotyn, when Turkish army left positions) was announced them a holiday honor Mary Mother God patron saints Poland sign victory. Thus, spiritual matrix perception society researchers laid for centuries. In Ukrainian cult majesty form mid-50s 20th century. historiographies, spite reality, leading were about Porto brutal aggressor, who sought «enslave» Ukraine, reach Baltics, unite Protestants, defeat Austria. Simultaneously, myth Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth peaceful state, devoid imperial plans Turkey establish protection over Danube principalities also formed. turn formed emergence beginning not army’s intervention autumn 1620 (Tsetsor campaign) defeat, but counterattack summer 1621. mythology reticence or negative assessment Borodavka’s activity, played decisive role formation powerful Cossack (Ukrainian) army, providing proper weapons, provant food, timely arrival wrong. Most historians, contrary truth, continue hide key Cossacks putting forefront. Last, perhaps most common, brilliant victory invaders unsubstantiated previous ones.Conclusions. abovementioned during XIX–XX centuries, significantly distort war, initiator, date beginning, consequences significance. Their disproof will contribute more truthful (adequate reality) significant Central Eastern Europe.